Description and characteristics, resistance to diseases of the Daria grape variety and growing rules
Growing a grape crop on a site is a complex and troublesome process. Therefore, many summer residents refuse to plant plants in their gardens. Daria grapes have many advantages, for which gardeners love and appreciate it. Minimal maintenance is required, and the result is worth it.
The history of the hybrid
Knowing about the origin of the species, it is easier to navigate when choosing and planting. Daria is being tested, so she does not yet have much popularity.
Breeder Viktor Nikolaevich Krainov combined two varieties: Kesha and Druzhba. He sought to create a species that would not be susceptible to common grape diseases. He got the Daria variety, which has high immunity and is able to independently fight diseases.
Variety variety
The grape has several names of the same name, but slightly modified names. But in fact, the varieties are slightly different from each other.
Darya
This grape is resistant to many diseases and ripens early. It grows up to 2.5 m, the berries are large, the clusters are dense. Fruits are stored for 30-35 days.
Dasha
A medium-ripening grape variety. Dashunya is not the second name of the variety, it is an independent type of culture. She is widely known to gardeners.
One brush weighs 950-1000 g. Weight depends on proper care, compliance with agrotechnical requirements. The immunity to diseases is average, winter hardiness is also at an average level.
Description of grapes
To help a gardener of any region, producers give a detailed description of varieties. This will help you understand the structural features of the bush, berries. Find out the timing of ripening, active fruiting and other information useful for the summer resident.
Bush, vine and leaves
A vigorous variety of grapes, Daria grows up to 2.5 m. The shoots are powerful, fruiting is developed by 6-8 eyes.
The leaves are dark green in color, and consist of 5 lobes. The cuts are very deep and the edges of the sheet are jagged.
Berry taste and appearance
The bunches of grapes are cone-shaped, the density of the berries is medium. The color of the ripe fruit is amber, egg-shaped. The weight of one grape is 14-16 g.
Wasps do not attack berries, they do not crack.
The density of the skin is medium, the fleshy pulp has a nutmeg flavor. Inside each berry there are 1-3 small seeds.
Specifications
The description of these indicators will allow the summer resident to make the final decision. After studying the technical characteristics, it becomes clear to the gardener whether the variety is suitable for growing in a particular region.
Low temperature resistance
Daria calmly withstands a drop in temperature to -23 ⁰С. This is an average indicator, but even this is sufficient in some regions.
Susceptibility to disease
Breeders claim that this grape variety is immune to:
- mildew - increased;
- oidiumu - above average;
- gray rot - high.
To consolidate the result, preventive treatments are required.
Pollination and yield
You need a grape variety that blooms at the same time as Daria. A pollinator planted side by side helps to increase yields.
The volume of fruits depends on the quality of care, the fulfillment of all requirements for growing and planting. The approximate yield per plant is 15-20 kg.
Growing features
Knowing and fulfilling some of the subtleties of planting grapes and the subsequent care for it, the summer resident receives the declared harvest.
Optimal soil composition
Grapes do not tolerate stagnant moisture and do not like the proximity of groundwater. The plot is selected on the sunny side of the cottage, protected from a draft. Sandy or sandy loam soil is desirable.
Landing scheme
It all depends on what kind of soil is in the chosen place. If suitable for growing, then form a trench and plant grape bushes in it. If you plan to plant in loams or in an area with a close occurrence of groundwater, then a raised bed is formed.
The distance between the bushes is 1.5 m, between the rows is 2.5 m. It is recommended to arrange the seedlings at the maximum possible angle. The vine planted in this way ripens better.
Young growth care
For the first few years, the seedlings require careful care, as the foundation for the future plant and harvest is laid. If a brush has formed on the vine in the first year, it must be cut off. It will weaken the bush and reduce future harvest volumes.
Young animals are watered often and abundantly. It is necessary for the plants to take root. Top dressing is important at first, as the foundation for a future strong plant is laid. Organic and mineral fertilizers alternate.
Soil loosening
It is advisable to loosen the ground near the bush, do this after each watering and rainfall. Loose soil allows oxygen to flow to the root system and helps retain moisture.
In addition, weeds are less likely to grow and interfere with the normal development of grapes.
Watering
Often only small plants are watered, the bushes need to gain strength and grow. Adult grapes are watered 3 times per season:
- 14 days before flowering. This point must be strictly observed. Late watered bushes will bloom later, and the harvest will ripen late. The plant can lose color due to excess moisture.
- After flowering, water it until the color of the berry begins to change.
- The last watering is in the fall, at a time when the plant begins to prepare for winter, and it needs moisture to store it.
It is not recommended to water grapes under the root and by sprinkling. Better to water the aisle, at least 0.5 m from the plant base.
Top dressing
Daria grapes need feeding. Getting nutrients in a timely manner, the bushes grow strong and healthy.
Plants need organic matter and minerals. They feed at least three times per season:
- before flowering;
- before the beginning of fruiting;
- in preparation for winter.
It is undesirable to spray the bushes, it is better to install pipes through which watering and root dressing is carried out.
Seasonal treatment for diseases and pests
It is advisable to treat diseases and insects in early spring, even before the appearance of buds. Until the plant wakes up, chemical preparations are used.
In autumn, plants need processing. When the grapes are not sick with anything, they throw all their strength into preparing for the cold season. Such bushes winter better and begin to grow actively in spring.
Pruning and shaping vines
The procedure is mandatory, the correct and timely implementation of which affects the yield. The plants are not touched for the first few years. Then the vine begins to form.
Extra stepsons are not cut out to the base, it is advisable to leave 2 sheets. Gardeners recommend pruning the vine in the fall when foliage begins to fall.
In spring, only young bushes are pruned, since adult plants with pruned vines do not tolerate temperature drops well.
Shelter for the winter
Despite the fact that Daria grapes are cold-resistant, it is necessary to wrap up the bushes for the winter. This procedure is especially important for 2-3 year old seedlings.
Adult plants are wrapped depending on the climatic conditions of the region.
Ripening and harvesting period
The berries begin to ripen from mid-July. At this time, it is necessary to collect the fruits. The brushes removed from the vine can be stored for a month. Further, they must be used to avoid damage.
Berries are transported to any distance, the presentation is preserved.
Where are berries used?
The use of grapes in cooking is universal, berries are used to prepare:
- jam;
- jams;
- juices;
- compotes;
- wine.
The use of berries is practiced in folk medicine and cosmetology. And also grapes are consumed fresh.
Daria is a hybrid of grapes with enviable immunity. Therefore, summer residents choose it for their plots.
